Did you know that larger breed dogs can be more prone to developing certain heart problems?

Here’s more about heart problems in big dogs, including symptoms to watch for, how they’re diagnosed, and how we can help.

What heart problems are larger dogs more prone to?

Large and giant breed dogs can be more prone to developing two heart conditions: Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) and pericardial effusion.

Dilated cardiomyopathy is when the heart muscle becomes thin and weak.

Pericardial effusion is an abnormal accumulation of fluid between the heart and the pericardium (the thin membrane sac that surrounds the heart). As fluid accumulates in this space, it presses down on the heart.

Both these conditions result in the heart losing the ability to effectively pump blood around the body.

What symptoms can affected pets show?

Dogs with DCM or pericardial effusion usually present with acute (sudden) unwellness, but they may also develop symptoms more gradually.

Affected pets often present after a sudden fainting, weakness or collapse episode, and they may have pale gums and breathing difficulties.

However, some pets also show more gradual or non-specific unwellness symptoms, such as lethargy, coughing, becoming puffed easily, vomiting or a swollen tummy.

Unfortunately, a small percentage of affected dogs may suffer sudden death without showing any obvious prior symptoms.

Can these pets be treated?

Once a diagnosis is confirmed – which usually requires chest x-rays and ultrasound, and potentially specialist heart ultrasound or ECG assessment – pets can receive treatment. This may include:

• Emergency ultrasound-guided drainage of any pericardial fluid
• The administration of appropriate heart and cardiovascular medications, including medications to support heart function, manage any arrhythmias or clear excess fluid from the lungs
• Oxygen supplementation

For more information on at-risk breeds and potential heart health screening options, consult our cardiac-competent team.