Mast cell tumours (MCTs) are a common type of tumour in dogs and unfortunately can be bad news. Here’s what to monitor your pet for, and how we can help.

What do MCTs look like?

MCTs commonly occur on or just underneath the skin of dogs. These tricky tumours generally can’t be diagnosed by their outward appearance alone, as they can present in a variety of ways and may look similar to other types of tumours.

MCTs may also wax and wane in size due to the intermittent release of inflammatory substances from within the tumour.

Are MCTs a worry for affected pets?

MCTs can vary in their “behaviour”, ranging from more benign, slow-growing lumps to aggressive tumours that can spread locally or invade distant organs such as the spleen and liver and cause severe illness.

How can MCTs be diagnosed?

Ideally, our vets will be able to take a sample from the lump so that the tumour cells can be assessed under the microscope. In cooperative pets with easily accessible tumours, MCTs can usually be diagnosed during a consultation by the process of fine needle aspiration – this involves passing a fine needle into your pet’s lump several times, and then transferring the contents of the needle onto a microscope slide for examination.

However, to definitively confirm the severity of a MCT, affected pets are required to undergo further testing. In most cases, this involves surgically removing the tumour (under a general anaesthetic) and sending it for lab testing. Pets with more advanced or aggressive tumours may also be recommended to have additional scans or lab tests.

The bottom line?

If you notice a new lump on your pet, it’s best to bring them in for a prompt assessment with our experienced vets. Early, proactive treatment gives your pet the best chance of a complete recovery.